Similar transcriptional responses to blood/serum were observed for the other classical bordetellae, Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella parapertussis.
Transcriptional responses to blood/serum were observed in a Bvg − phase-locked mutant, indicating that the response is not solely dependent on a functional BvgAS system. Exposure to blood or serum additionally elicited production of multiple antigens not otherwise detectable, and led to increased bacterial cytotoxicity against macrophages. Blood or serum exposure resulted in substantial transcriptional changes in Bordetella bronchiseptica, including enhanced expression of many virulence-associated genes. Therefore, we hypothesized that classical bordetellae have the ability to sense and respond to blood or serum. By causing inflammation and tissue damage, we reasoned that bordetellae are likely to encounter components of blood and/or serum during the course of a respiratory infection, and that detecting and responding to these would be advantageous. The classical bordetellae sense and respond to a variety of environments outside and within their mammalian hosts. 2USDA ARS National Animal Disease Center, Ames, IA, United States.1Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.Dewan 1, Illiassou Hamidou Soumana 1, Margaret Dedloff 1, Tracy L.
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